October 28th
Camp Douglas, Utah circa 1864 |
1864 It is rare to see the word “Sodomite” used in 19th Century journalism and rarer yet to find it in the headlines of the Deseret News. The broadsheet was founded as the official organ of the Latter Day Saints Church shortly after the arrival of Mormon refugees to the Wasatch Front. The weekly paper printed pontifications from the Tabernacle pulpit as well as more secular news. However, whatever was printed was carefully reviewed and approved by the Mormon hierarchy, in particular Brigham Young. Therefore an article on the murder of a Camp Douglas soldier for sexual assaulting a Mormon youth printed in October 1864 was more as a warning to the Gentile population of their precarious situation among the Saints, than as an accounting of salacious facts. Nevertheless it is the first public use of the word Sodomite in Utah .
Camp Douglas |
At the outbreak of the Civil War, California regiments were organized to protect the gold and silver fields of the west and to protect the overland mail routes between Salt Lake City and Sacramento. Utah had questionable loyalties and with Brigham Young refusal to let Mormon men enlist in the war, it was up to California to provide the men power. Two regiments from California would eventually be stationed in Salt Lake City on the east bench overlooking the area above where the University of Utah is located today. These two regiments were the 2nd Regiment of California Volunteer Cavalry and the 3rd Regiment of California Volunteer infantry. Camp Douglas was established in July 1862 to house the California Union volunteers. Their presence was also to deter the Mormon Saints from acting on any notions of secession of their own while the American Civil War raged on. After all Utah was a slave territory and Brigham Young made it clear that Mormons were not going to fight to preserve the Union . Tensions between the local populace and the federal troops stationed in Utah were, to say the least, unpleasant for the next four years. The soldier who was assassinated for his crime on the Mormon boy was a 25 year old man named Frederick Jones. Not much is known about him although he is listed as a farm laborer born in Illinois in the 1860 United States Census of California. He was a 21 year old single man working for Charles Minter Taylor who was a young prosperous farmer in the community of Lee in Sacramento County. 1860 Census Sacramento, California When the American Civil War began in 1861 both Taylor and Jones joined as volunteers for the Union Army as both men were natives of the Northern States.
Charles Taylor |
Fort Churchill, Nevada |
The day after the Mormon Saints celebrated their Pioneer Holiday, Jones enlisted at Camp Douglas as a Private in Company G of the 3rd California Infantry in the Union Army on 25 July 1864. Three months later he was murdered. On the afternoon of October 19th, while in
General Patrick Connor |
Camp Douglas soldiers quarters |
Edwin Woolley |
In contrast on October 31, 1864, Thomas Stenhouse, soon to be Mormon apostate, and editor of the Salt Lake Telegraph printed an account of the murder calling it "Death of a Sodomite". His bias towards Jones was clearly evident when he wrote, “we have no crocodile tears to shed over him (Jones), he is dead, and we have not the slightest disposition to call him back again to change the manner of retribution. To give the details of his crime would be to besmear our sheet with facts so loathsome enough to crimson the face of the most barbarous of the human race. We confine ourselves to narrative, our readers who want more information the we are disposed to publish can seek it elsewhere.”
Charles Hempstead |
A few months after the assault on his son, records show that Brigham Young called Charles Monk in December 1864 to settle in Spanish Fork. One can not think but there was a reason to remove Charles Monk Sr. from Salt Lake City. Monk Sr., a Mormon polygamist, died 31 March 1920 in Spanish Fork at the age of 88 years. Charles Monk Jr. died 16 February 1952 in
Charles Monk Jr 1855-1952 |
- The Monk Family-Charles Monk was born 25 January 1832 in Hampshire, England who settled in Salt Lake City and married in 1854. His eldest son was Charles Andrew Monk born 10 March 1855 and would have been 9 ½ years old at the time of the crime. Records show that Monk was living in Salt Lake City in 1863 but by 1866 had moved to Spanish Fork. Both father and son lived to a ripe old age. Charles Monk Sr. died 31 March 1920 in Spanish Fork at the age of 88 years as a polygamist. Charles Monk Jr. died 16 February 1952 in Big Horn County, Wyoming at the age of 96 years. [Ben, Clark Monk of the UGRA is a former resident of Spanish Fork (Palmyra) and he or his family might have more background information on this case. Thanks for posting this. I used to date another person of this clan long ago, but I have lost track of him and have reason to believe (from other friends of his) that he could be deceased of AIDS-related causes. The Monk family also gives its name to the "Monk's Hollow" area of Diamond Fork Canyon where they once (and might still) own land. The aborted reservoir and dam in that area were to be the Monk's Hollow Dam and Reservoir. Monk's Hollow is the first canyon down-stream of the parking area for the Diamond Fork Hot Springs to the south-southeast. Mostly useless information, I know, but interesting the historic connections . . .! Best Regards, Ruadhan]
1897 The boy Frank Smith found guilty of committing a crime against
nature will be sentenced November 3rd. Provo Daily Enquirer
1935 New York Day by Day by O.O. McIntyre [Oscar Odd McIntyre] The
most auspicious up from the sidewalk hero of the night club is Eddie Gaar, the
impersonator, now wrangling fat pay as a polished floor entertainer in evening
gown and silk hat. Not many years ago he was a night club employee, but one of
the most inconspicuous posts. He opened and closed auto doors for arriving and
departing guests. Ogden Standard Examiner O.O. McIntyre 1884-1938 was a famed
New York newspaper columnist of the 1920s and 1930s who cleverly combined a
small town point of view with urban sophistication. For a quarter of a century,
his daily column, “New York Day by Day,” was published in more than 500
newspapers
1977 Utah Supreme
Court Justice Albert H. Ellett stated that pornographers were “depraved,
mentally deficient, mind warped queers”.
(The Rocky Mountain Open Door November 1977 Volume 1 No. 11)
1979 Salt Lake City’s Gay club Studio 8 has benefit show for The
Boise Seven. “Some of the womyn involved
in the lawsuit against the city of Boise will be present” stated the
advertisement for the event. The Boise Seven were women employed in the Boise
Police Department who were fired for being suspected of being Lesbians.
1980- Salt Lake Chapter of Affirmations’ 3rd
annual Halloween Party was held at Affirmation’s new home at 4th South and 2nd
West.
1985 The
Gay/Lesbian Alliance, a support group for homosexuals, was formed at Utah State
University in Logan.
Mathilde Krim |
1987- I was home by 7:30 and
called John Reeves to say I was
available to go shopping with him and then I
called back this kid named Don Penrose who called me and asked for me to call
him. He wanted to talk to someone because the Gay Hot line is not working. We
talked for a little while before John came over and then I said that I would
like to call him back when I finish with John. He said fine. I invited him to
the Halloween Party. Anyways John needed to talk as well as be with me. He’s
going through some difficult introspection about how committed he is to living
a Gay Lifestyle. His wife is telling him
that he’s not really Gay. That he’s just lecherous and for him to repent and
come back into the marriage. It’s
difficult having your world topsy turvy. You have to rediscover all your
reference points. Anyway John dropped me off about 9:30 and I called Don
Penrose back and we talked for two hours. He was interesting, articulate, and I
think pretty together. He just needs someone to talk to about his emerging
identity. [Journal of Ben Williams]
Don Penrose |
Jesse Helms |
1987 Dr.
Paul Volberding spoke at the University of Utah
about the pandemic nature of
AIDS. Dr. Volberding is widely considered
one of the world's leading AIDS experts. He cofounded one of the first
AIDS-designated clinics in the early 1980s at San Francisco General Hospital.
This clinic has evolved into the top-rated medical care facility for AIDS in
the country. Dr. Volberding has served on numerous key national committees over
the course of the epidemic, including the National Academy of Sciences
(Institute of Medicine) AIDS Policy Review Steering Committee, National
Institutes of Health (NIH) AIDS Drug Selection Committee, National Institute of
Allergy and Infectious Diseases AIDS Clinical Trials Group Executive Committee,
Institute of Medicine Round Table, and the AIDS Clinical Trials Group Executive
Committee.
1990-During a campaign speech, US Congressman Jesse Helms referred to gays and lesbians as "disgusting people marching in the streets demanding all sorts of things, including the right to marry each other."
Paul Volberding |
1990-During a campaign speech, US Congressman Jesse Helms referred to gays and lesbians as "disgusting people marching in the streets demanding all sorts of things, including the right to marry each other."
Mason Rankin |
NY Times Obituary Tribute
1997- The National Black Lesbian and Gay Leadership Forum condemned gospel singers Angie and Debbie Winans for their anti-gay song "It's Not Natural" and BET-TV for providing them with a one-sided forum to promote their homophobic views. Earlier in the year, BET-TV refused to air MeShell NdegeOcello's video "Leviticus Faggot," about a black gay teenager's struggle to come to terms with his sexuality.
Willy Marshall |
Dennis McCracken |
Michael Aaron |
2008 Hate crime incidents
reported in Utah
• Bountiful, 2 sexual orientation
bias crimes.
• Centerville, 3 religious bias
crimes.
• Clearfield, 1 racially
motivated crime.
• Clinton, 1 racially oriented
crime.
• Farmington, 1 race-related
crime.
• Ivins, 1 crime involving
ethnicity.
• Layton, 2 race-related crimes.
• Murray, 1, race-related crime,
1 sexual orientation-related crime.
• North Salt Lake, 1 crime
involving sexual orientation, 2 ethnicity-related crimes.
• Provo, 2 religion-related
crimes.
• Roosevelt, 1 religion-related
crime.
• Roy, 1 race-related crime.
• Salt Lake City, 1
religion-related crime.
• Sandy, 1 religion-related
crime.
• South Jordan, 1 religion, 1
race, 1 sexual orientation, and 1 ethnicity-related crime.
• Springville, 1 race-related
crime.
• St. George, 1 race-related
crime
• Taylorsville, 1 sexual
orientation bias crime.
• Tooele, 1 race-related crime.
• Vernal, 1 religious bias crime.
• Washington, 1 religion, 1
sexual orientation, 1 ethnic bias crime.
• West Valley City, 6 race, 1
religion, 1 sexual orientation, 5 ethnic bias crimes.
• Brigham Young University, 2
religious bias crimes.
• Davis County, 1 ethnic bias
crime.
• Salt Lake County, 1 race and 1
ethnic bias crime.
• Tooele County, 1 sexual
orientation bias crime.
• Uintah County, 1 race bias
crime.
• Weber County, 1 religious bias
crime.
Hate Crimes on the Rise in Utah
2009 Hate Crimes Prevention Act, also known as the Matthew Shepard Act, is an American Act of Congress, passed on October 22, 2009, and signed into law by President Barack Obama on October 28, 2009, as a rider to the National Defense Authorization Act for 2010 (H.R. 2647).
2010 Cedar
City Declines Anti-discrimination Ordinances by Joselle Vanderhooft The
Cedar City Council declined to vote on two ordinances that would add sexual
orientation and gender identity to its housing and employment
anti-discrimination laws. So far, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake County, Park City,
Summit County, Logan City, Taylorsville and West Valley City have approved such
ordinances. Salt Lake City and County were the first to do so in 2009. Cedar
City’s ordinances, which are identical to those passed in other cities, would
have fined landlords and employers who evict, fire or refuse to hire tenants
and employees based on their actual or perceived sexual orientation or gender
identity. Businesses with 14 or fewer employees, landlords owning four or fewer
units and religious-owned businesses would have been exempted from the law. Statewide
gay and transgender rights group Equality Utah has been working to pass
ordinances like Salt Lake City’s in at least 10 cities and counties by the end
of the year. In Cedar City they have been helped by Southern Utah University’s
Queer-Straight Alliance. Earlier this year, the student group held public
meetings about the ordinances and had spoken to Mayor Joe Burgess and City
Councilmembers about what the ordinances will do for their city. “We
got on the radio, we got fliers out, we papered the town in an attempt to get
as many people from as many backgrounds as possible to come and talk about the
ordinances because no one wants to pass something they don’t understand,” QSA
President Benjamin King Smith told QSaltLake
in September. “We’ve had a lot of
people who have come to them wanting to know if they’ll be protected. It’s nice
to have these conversations.” Throughout
October, the Cedar City Council held meetings about the ordinances in which
they allowed public comment. Smith said that these had gone over well. Councilperson
Georgia Beth Thompson moved to approve the anti-discrimination ordinance on
housing, but it failed without a second. Council
members then discussed the possibility of a resolution that encouraged fairness
in housing and employment and would study the city’s own practices in hiring
and firing. That motion passed and will be on the agenda at the next council
meeting. Thompson voted nay on the resolution, saying the council was “chicken”
to pass the ordinances.
Ben Smith |
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