3 May
Lord Cornwall Governor of New York and New Jersey |
1702-Lord Cornbury arrived in Manhattan to be
the governor-general of New York. He would create scandal by publicly
cross-dressing. Cornbury is reported to have opened the 1702 New York Assembly
clad in a hooped gown and an elaborate headdress and carrying a fan, imitative
of the style of Queen Anne. When his choice of clothing was questioned, he
replied, "You are all very stupid people not to see the propriety of it
all. In this place and occasion, I represent a woman (the Queen), and in all
respects I ought to represent her as faithfully as I can." It is also said
that in August 1707, when his wife Lady Cornbury died, His High Mightiness (as
he preferred to be called) attended the funeral again dressed as a woman. It
was shortly after this that mounting complaints from colonists prompted the
Queen to remove Cornbury from office
1933 Case Dropped
After Boy’s Story Related- After testimony of the first witness for the state
had been heard District Attorney Wade A Johnson’s motion for dismissal of the
felony charge against Charlie Downing who was being tried before a jury was
granted by Judge L A Wade today. Downing was charged with committing a
detestable and abominable crime against nature in connection with an offense
against a young boy on May last. The prosecutor after hearing the boy’s
testimony moved the court for dismissal. Ogden Standard examiner
3 May 1963 Deseret News All Male Jury Begins Deliberating in
Murder Trial of Jean Sinclair by Don Beck “An all male jury Friday began
deliberating the fate of Jean Sinclair accused shot gun slayer following a
three week trial in Third District “ambush”killing
of Donald LeRoy Foster age 31 over the
affections of Mrs. LaRae Peterson age 33. The trial started April 13.
Kermit Dubois an employee of a downtown store said he sold 2 suits to
the defendant and fitted her for them When asked if he knew whether his
customer was a man or woman Dubois replied “I thought she was a man.”
Jean Sinclair |
1986-RESTORATION CHURCH Three members of the Salt
Lake Branch of theRestoration Church along with nine others had their initiatory
temple work done in the Restoration Church ’s
Tabernacle in Downey , Los Angeles County , California .
People who had their work done were Bob McIntier, Mike Howard, Ben Williams.
Ben Williams had his temple work done by Elder Pamela Calkins. Others in attendance
were Mark Blutto, Lynn LeMasters, Eddie Muldong, Tony Feliz, John Crane, David
Ewing, and two straight women Michelle and Janice.
Lake Branch of the
Christine Jorgenson |
1989- Cliff Arneson became the first out bisexual to testify
before the US House Committee on Veterans Affairs, speaking on behalf of
les/bi/Gay veterans to the Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations.
1990 Thursday Ben Barr came over this evening to talk about getting
facilitators for Beyond Stonewall. We ended up
visiting much of the time and catching up on our lives. Ben said that he was
instrumental in getting the Board of Directors of the PWA Coalition to kick
David Sharpton out as President of the People With AIDS Coalition of Utah. Ben
said that while he admired a lot of the things which David accomplished, he was
tired of David's "back stabbing" attitude. He in
effect told the
coalition that either David goes or they could find another location to house
the coalition. I guess David's real down fall was when he threw Eugene Giditus
up against a wall in a fit of temper. Well I never saw an organization yet that
did not eat its creator. The president now is some woman who has a two year old
son with AIDS. I guess that will play better in Utah- "an innocent
victim". The more I talked with Ben the more evident it was that he's
really tired and needs a vacation. Dealing with this AIDS crap has to
eventually take its toll by making one immune to the suffering of others.
[Journal of Ben Williams]
Ben Barr |
1990 GOING STRAIGHT? NEW THERAPY MAY HELP GAY
MEN, WOMEN ALTER SEXUAL ORIENTATION -BUT IT FACES A WAVE OF OPPOSITION Deseret
News In the 1970s, when gay men began coming out of their closets, Bill went
deeper into his. It was one of those perfectly constructed closets, framed by
marriage and children and a profession full of serious men in suits. Way in the
back of the closet, though, where nobody could see, he was living another life,
sometimes having sex with as many as three men a day. But all that is over now, he says. Thanks to
a new therapy, he says, he isn't gay anymore. He calls it "coming out of
homosexuality." "It's like Martin Luther King said," Bill
explains. "You know, "Free at last! Free at last!' Now I'm able to
pass a man on the street and say, "Isn't he a nice-looking man. Good for
him.' And keep on walking." You don't Have to Be Gay," says the
brochure Bill holds in his hand
announcing an upcoming conference at theUniversity of Utah . The conference, "Developing a
Healthy Male Identity," is sponsored by a Salt Lake
group called the Evergreen Foundation. The theory that you can change your
sexual orientation, and that homosexuality is unhealthy, is the cornerstone of
Evergreen, whose membership is composed of men and women who classify
themselves as "former" homosexuals and lesbians. Most have, within
the past couple of years, undergone a controversial therapy based on the work
of Elizabeth R. Moberly, a British research psychologist who published
"Homosexuality: A New Christian Ethic" in 1983. Her theory has also
given birth to other Evergreen-type groups in California and several other states. It's a
theory that touches deep nerves in Utah ,
where gays and their families struggle
to understand sexual yearnings that run
against the grain of conservative values. It also touches nerves in Salt Lake City 's gay
community, which classifies Evergreen and its upcoming conference as
misleading, unethical and dangerous. At the heart of the controversy are
unresolved questions about the causes _ and the meaning _ of sexual identity.
Tom Pritt, a Kaysville psychologist, had been working with homosexuals for
years when he came across Elizabeth Moberly's "Homosexuality: A New
Christian Ethic." In it he found confirmation of conclusions he had come
to during hundreds of hours of therapy sessions. Homosexuality, says Pritt, is
not really about sex but about love. It's not about a man's inability to find
women appealing but about his inability to form a "normal" bond with
other men. Most of the men he has treated, says Pritt, had similar backgrounds:
fathers who were absent or distant; a feeling of inferiority to male peers; a
feeling of being out of sync with typical male interests and abilities. On the
one hand they felt a need for male love; on the other hand, afraid of
rejection, they distanced themselves from traditional relationships with other
men. All men and women, says Pritt, have a need to feel close to and to feel
accepted by members of their same sex. When a boy who has not felt that kind of
bonding reaches puberty, that same-sex love need can become confused and
eroticized. What he really desires is male closeness; what he thinks he wants
is sex with another man. Basically what this theory holds is that the whole
thing is just a big mistake. A case of mistaken identity, or as Pritt puts it,
"incomplete identity." Inside, the theory holds, gay men are really
heterosexuals who would be attracted to women if they just finished their
emotional development _by learning how to act in healthy ways around men. Gay
men can change through therapy, says Pritt, but not the typical aversion
therapy tried in the past. Gay men can change, he says, but not simply by being
counseled to get married. Jim used to cruise Sugarhouse Park .
Or he would hang around Liberty
Park or walk through
Crossroads Mall, hoping, with a lingering glance, to make a connection with
another man. That was after 18 years of marriage and a divorce, after he had
sat in a therapist's office and trembled inside when he was asked to face the
fact that three decades of fantasizing about men meant that he was gay. "I
didn't want to be gay," Jim remembers. "Because of society, more than
anything. And because I had children and I didn't want to explain that to them.
And I didn't know how to act in that (gay) world. I hated that swishy
style." Asked to explore his feelings, Jim finally decided that "if I
was gay, I'd be the best darn gay guy there ever was." He threw all his
energies into finding the perfect man. "At first it's intoxicating. Then
it's addicting. . . . But it never was fulfilling," he says. "You
can't have fulfillment with another man. But the gay community doesn't want to
hear that." And then, in 1988, someone gave him a copy of what at
Evergreen they refer to
as "the gray book" _ "You Don't Have to Be Gay," by J.A. Konrad, aCalifornia
man who describes himself as "an EX-gay.""I read it in two
afternoons," says Jim. "And I knew it was right. Finally someone was
saying, "You wasn't easy. "It took me eight months before I could
drive by Sugarhouse
Park ." He started
making efforts to mingle with every straight man he could find, and he joined
Tom Pritt's baseball and basketball program for men who were struggling to
change. "I stood on second base and
cried," Jim remembers. "I could do it. And I was good, even though I
was always told I couldn't be." Now, after 18 months of non-erotic
relationships with other men, he says he notices a difference in himself. "Every gay guy I knew longs for his
International Male magazine," says Jim. "When it used to come, I'd be
in the middle of business and I'd have to stop and look at it. But last week
one came to my office and I didn't have to look at it right away. And when I
did, I realized that I was actually looking at the clothes. It's like total
liberation." He says he is starting to feel attracted to women, although
there is a tentativeness to his voice when he talks about it. It's a slow
process, he says. THOSE WHO FIND fault with the Evergreen approach are quick to
point out that it ignores the latest research into the neurobiology of sexual
orientation. "The ultimate cause of sexual orientation has never been
fully determined," notes Salt
Lake psychiatrist Jan
Stout. "But most of the top investigators in the field believe that
biological factors are extremely important." Stout, who in the early 1970s
believed that homosexuality was a learned behavior that could be treated with
therapy, had decided by the mid-1980s that that viewpoint was "wrong and
simplistic." Homosexuality is a result of a complex combination of
environmental and biological causes, says Stout. It is in the uterus, he says, that the brain
begins to differentiate between male and female. In the embryo we all start out
as female, until the point, in about half of us, when a Y chromosome begins to
create male organs. After that, in males, the hormone testosterone creates
further changes that will later lead to masculine behavior and sexual feelings. But in some male embryos, less testosterone
is produced, possibly because of maternal stress or certain drugs. Although
animal studies cannot always be generalized to humans, says Stout, they have
confirmed "the crucial role" that prenatal hormones play in later
sex-role behavior. "I've treated hundreds of homosexuals," notes
Stout. "Some have the pattern of weakened father bonds, but not all by any
means. . . . I think it's a don't have to be trapped in it.' " So Jim
began the therapy. He avoided his former haunts, although that case of putting
the cart before the horse," he says about the theories of male bonding and
homosexuality. "They haven't been able to make good bonds with father
because of the way they feel inside. It's the effect of the biology, not the
other way around." A few people can maybe make changes that feel right to
them, says Stout, but it's more a question of willpower and behavioral changes,
rather than a real shift in sexual orientation. Because of this, he finds the
theories potentially dangerous.
"You're going to have young people who read anecdotes about people
who have changed, and they'll say, "What's wrong with me? I haven't been
able to change.' You'll increase their sense of failure. And I think you'll see
more suicides. That's my concern here. . . . We should accept people the way
they are." That conflict between "validating the self-worth of the
individual" vs. encouraging change, says Salt Lake clinical social worker
LaDonna Moore, lies behind the decision of the Utah chapter of the National
Association of Social Workers not to give continuing education credit for this
weekend's conference. Moore objects to the conference brochure's
characterization of homosexuality as a sickness. "It's sad to see the
complexity of human beings' emotional and sexual state reduced to
"compulsive behavior.' " Because the mental-health profession as a
whole no longer considers homosexuality a disorder, Moore feels that it is "unethical"
for local therapists to participate in the Evergreen conference. Five Utah therapists _ four
licensed clinical social workers, a psychiatrist and a psychologist _ are among
the presenters at the Friday session, which is geared to health professionals.
The Saturday session is open to the public. A group of "concerned
citizens" _ including some mental-health workers and members of the Salt
Lake gay community _ will counter the Evergreen claims at a press conference on
Friday. Local gay activists find the conference, and the concepts behind it,
offensive, says Rocky O'Donovan, director of the Gay and Lesbian Historical
Society of Utah. Not all gays want to
change, he says, although there was a time, during high school, when he fasted
and prayed to do just that. But now he says, "If you put a pill, with no
side effects, here on the table that would make me heterosexual, and next to it
you put a $1,000 bill, I'd say, "Absolutely not.' " The real
question, says O'Donovan, is not why some men are gay, or whether they should
be, but how to best accept them if they are. HUMAN SEXUALITY has never been as
simple as the birds and the bees, and homosexuality is no less perplexing or
charged with emotion now, after all the studies and books and talk shows and
theories that have tried to understand it. Is it possible to change a person's
sexual orientation? The debate continues.
In the meantime Jim tells this story: He was jogging down the street not
long ago when, all of a sudden, a feeling of "completeness" came over
him. "I feel now," he explains with a look of relief, "that I
have the same parts and the same capabilities that every man has." -For
more information, call the Evergreen Foundation at 535-1658, or the Gay and
Lesbian Community Council at 359-5555. The names of Evergreen members used in
this article have been changed at their request. [Deseret News]
announcing an upcoming conference at the
Elizabeth Moberly |
as "the gray book" _ "You Don't Have to Be Gay," by J.A. Konrad, a
Connell "Rocky" O'Donovan |
1992 "AN AMERICAN SPRING" is the theme
the Salt Lake Men's Choir has adopted for a concert it will present at
Kingsbury Hall on the University of Utah campus. Included will be music of
Aaron Copland, Randall Thompson and Kirby Shaw, as well as a selection of
spirituals, patriotic songs and show tunes. The group is directed by T. Brent
Carter.
3 May 2000 Page: B1Conference Uninvites Gay Group Teacher
meeting to focus on equity in the classroom; Equity Meeting Uninvites Gay
Advocates BY KATHERINE KAPOS THE SALT
LAKE TRIBUNE The Gay Lesbian Straight
Education Network (GLSEN) of Utah says it was
invited in March to give a workshop at a two-day Equity in Opportunity
conference. A few weeks later, the group was politely uninvited. "It's
bizarre," said Network member Linda Chamberlain. "It's like having a
multicultural conference and only inviting white people." Two hundred Utah teachers will attend the conference today and
Thursday at Salt Lake Community College
to learn how to create equity in their classrooms. But they will have to listen
closely to get information that will help their Gay students. Advocates
wondered if it was the workshop's title that caused organizers anxiety: "Homophobia 101: Teaching Respect for
All." An offer to change the name
was rejected. Robert Brems, associate superintendent of the state's Applied
Technology Education division, said he was not worried about the name, but felt
the workshop was unnecessary. The
division co-sponsors the conference with Equity in Opportunity centers at Salt Lake Community College , Utah
Valley State College, Weber State University
and Dixie College . The keynote speaker and two
other workshops will deal with sexual harassment and gender behaviors, he said.
"I know GLSEN would like to see the issue addressed in a different way,
but we feel like we have given it time, thought and consideration," Brems
said Tuesday. This is the fourth year the division and equity centers have
sponsored the conference, which teaches educators and students how to promote
tolerance and respect in their classrooms. A federal grant helps fund the four
equity centers and is covering a portion of the conference cost. Not everyone in charge of the conference
agrees with the decision to drop the network from the program. Christina
Kemeny, coordinator of the Equity in Opportunity
Center at SLCC, said she
invited the group because she believes homosexuality is an issue that warrants
a separate conference presentation. "It's a huge part of equity in schools
and we should be able to address it," she said. "Homophobia 101"
is modeled after the national organization's faculty-training program, said
Camille Lee, a group member who planned to make the presentation. Lee said the
session briefly covers homosexual slurs used by students and the differences
between sexual orientation, identity and behavior. But most of the 90-minute
presentation is focused on the day-to-day life of Gay and lesbian students and
what teachers can do to support them. The information has been presented
numerous times to Utah teachers in a variety
of settings, from the Utah Education Association's annual convention to
education classes at the University of
Utah and Weber State
University . The Gay
Lesbian Straight Education Network also has conducted a four-part education
series this year throughout the state. Teachers who attended the series are
eligible through the State Office of Education for credits that help them move
up the pay scale. Lee said that
regardless of their political or personal beliefs, Utah teachers have Gay and lesbian students
in their classrooms and students' parents who are homosexuals. "Teachers
are having to deal with this," said Lee. "And they are really seeking information
so they can be supportive of all their students." While they won't get
that message to teachers this week, the story does have a silver lining. Brems has invited the Gay Lesbian Straight
Education Network of Utah to conduct a workshop for employees at State Office
of Education sometime in the future.
Mark Shurtleff |
2003 Theater 138 Synopsized from articles by Jerry Johnston and Ivan M. Lincoln for Deseret News and Nancy Melich for The Salt Lake Tribune The original Theater 138 was housed in an historical old church house at 138 S. 200 East for nearly 20 years, but it was closed down in1986 when the building was purchased by Mountain Fuel Supply – and was subsequently turned into a parking lot. Ariel Ballif, Tom Carlin and Stu Falconer were the founders of, and inspiration for, Theatre 138, from the day it opened in 1966 until the doors closed. They presented nearly 300 productions including 60 premieres of new plays. The small theater downtown became an institution. Ballif, Falconer, and Carlin met in Richmond, VA, in the early `50s and opened a small theater there called The Renaissance. They stayed several years until the owners "started telling us what to do and that never went over well," Ballif says. In 1962, Ballet West founder William Christensen contacted Ballif about returning home and taking a teaching position at the Universityof Utah. Falconer and Carlin accepted jobs at Pioneer MemorialTheatre and the three partners moved to Salt Lake. The company's more popular shows included their Christmas season offering in the mid-eighties which was Walton Jones' comedy THE 1940'S RADIO HOUR -- a theatrical version of a one-hour radio program broadcast on Dec. 21, 1942, from a two-bit station in New York City, filled with skits, songs, sound- effects, promos, bromos, bromides and one-liners. The cast was rotated each year to keep the show fresh. Like Woody Allen's movie RADIO DAYS, this show is a good chance for people over 50 to bask in some nostalgia and memories and is a chance for people under 30 to catch a glimpse of the innocence and authenticity of the war years. Tom Carlin of Theater 138 says he liked the show because it has a Christmas spirit about it without trading on all the tried and true themes of Christmas. After the closing of the downtown theater, Theatre 138 moved south to Center Stage Theatre on Highland Drive. Theater 138, which opened as Salt Lake City's first full-time, year-round "alternative" theater company, joined Walk-Ons Inc., a nomadic troupe that had bounced all over the place since the early '70s. They shared the Center Stage for the next year and a half in a unique arrangement that called for the two independent companies to produce their own shows (in alternating time slots), and share in the expenses of buying the building, formerly the site of Andy's Smorgasbord. Sadly, on August 1, 1989, there was no more Theater 138 or Center Stage Theater. The building was sold, cutting short a three-week run of ROMEO AND JULIET down to only four days. Tom Carlin, Stu Falconer and Ariel Ballif offered the facility to a young- performing troupe as a good-will gesture before moving out. However, the closing date was moved up on them at the last minute, cutting even that last show short. So Theater 138 left the Salt Lake Theater scene as it entered many years ago -- showing good will toward young performers and patrons. Commenting on the closure of the Center Stage facility, Ballif said, "There were a lot of things involved. The biggest was the financial problem. It didn't make much sense to keep going into the hole every month. There were not enough seats, unless it was full every night, to meet expenses. We kept pushing it for the time we were there and kept trying, but it finally became a reality that we just couldn't handle it any more. There was also the problem in two groups trying to operate in the same space. Those things just didn't work out." Spencer (Walk-Ons producer) concurred that it was "difficult sharing the space with another company" when both groups have their individual artistic temperaments. "In the end," said Spencer, "I guess the venture, the whole project, just didn't really take off as we had hoped." As for the godfathers of these kids -- the people at Theater 138 -- Stu Falconer says the three of them would not make another run at finding a location. The plan was to move on and find work within existing companies. Ariel Ballif said the company still exists as a corporation but that the three are going "to let the dust settle for a time, then start considering some other possibilities and solutions.""We're past the age of the full-time, 12-shows-a-year routine. But, we're certainly not going to retire from the business because it's too much a part of our lives," he said. Stu Falconer, who performed in many of the company's productions, went on to perform in the new Broadway Stage's premiere production of THE BOYS NEXT DOOR and PROFESSOR BERHARDI. Stewart Falconer, the tall, gracious Southern gentleman, moved to Utah in 1962 from Richmond, VA. Falconer was technical and production manager at 138, the master carpenter of the trio, the one who could fix anything, be it the barber chair for SWEENEY TODD or the neon lights in CHICAGO. He was also an actor, appearing in numerous dramatic roles at 138, including EQUUS, 84 CHARING CROSS ROAD, and MRS. WARREN'S ROFESSION and the musicals THE FANTASTICKS and THE NEW MOON, to mention only a few. The standard joke around the theater was that someday Falconer would be able to be in a play and not have to run between acts to check the wiring. Actor Margaret Crowell, who appeared in numerous plays with Falconer, said what she remembers most vividly about her friend was "his complete grace. No matter who or what you were, Stu made you comfortable. Stu would tell wonderful stories, putting everyone at ease. Onstage, he was the same way. He took small roles, but time and time again, he stole the show." Sadly, he died of cancer Oct. 1st 1993 at the age of 69. The illness had only been diagnosed a few days earlier. Following Falconer's wishes, he was cremated and his ashes were scattered by Carlin and Ballif in the nearby mountains. After Theatre 138, Ariel Ballif went on to design productions for Pioneer Theatre Company, Ballet West, Utah Opera and Ririe-Woodbury Dance Company. Ballif was raised in Utah and is a graduate of Brigham Young University, with a master's of fine arts degree from Yale University. From 1955 to 1962 he was designer, co-producer and director of little theaters in Richmond, VA. He taught design in 1967-72 at the Yale School of Drama and worked in the Yale Resident Theater. He designed for stock companies nationally and for Broadway shows and early color television productions. In 1994, Ballif was named the recipient of the Madeleine Award for Distinguished Service to the Arts and Humanities, presented each year in connection with the Madeleine Festival. Ballif, then on the theater faculty at the University of Utah, was to be presented with the award April 24 at a special dinner at the New Yorker Club. Sadly, he died 4 days earlier in his home of a heart attack. The award ceremony went on as scheduled and the award was given posthumously. He was 68. For two decades, the three men -- Ariel Ballif, Stu Falconer and Tom Carlin -- teamed up to produce such shows as LONG DAY'S JOURNEY INTO NIGHT, SWEENEY TODD and one of the first regional productions of ON GOLDEN POND. The theater brought several firsts to Salt Lake audiences. It produced new plays by Utah authors. It offered works by
Tennessee Williams and Edward Albee that the
universities would not touch. It ventured into such daring territory as Peter
Shaffer's EQUUS, a play with nudity, STICKS AND BONES, a play with profanity,
BOYS IN THE BAND, a play about homosexuality (which played to sellout crowds)
and CHICAGO, a bawdy musical. The intimate theater also staged CARNIVAL with an
interracial cast. No one complained. The three thespians, whose paths first
crossed in Tampa, Florida, in the mid-1940s, became known as the three
musketeers of local theater because of Theater 138.
- Ben Williams wrote: NOW FOR THE REST OF THE STORY as Paul Harvey would say. Here is another reason why the Utah Stonewall Historical Society exists. Nowhere in this article does it mention that Stu Falconer and Ariel Baliff were lovers and companions for over forty years! Nor does the article mentioned that they left Virginia not for being bossed around but because of their great distaste for segregation. The lovers, with Gay friend Tom Carlin produced the first openly Gay play in Utah, "Boys In The Band" in May 1971, produced in November 1977 EQUUS, the first Utah play to have male nudity on stage, and produced in February 1987 "As Is", the acclaimed Broadway drama about AIDS which was the first play in Salt Lake to deal with the disease.- The 1971 review of Marc Crowley's "Boys In the Band" stated that it opened to a "full house." Baliff stated that as a director, he considered Theatre 138's staging of ``Equus'' one of his finest achievements. The Salt Lake Tribune in a eulogy for Ariel Baliff wrote:``Ariel walked away from a national career to establish a theater in Utah. By creating Theatre 138 in Salt Lake, he paved the way for every theater in this city to grow. Without him, there would be no Salt Lake Acting Company, and all of us in theater out here would be 20 years behind here we are today.'' It would have been nice to have acknowledge that Baliff was also a homosexual. Not the sum of his whole being true, but still a rather an important factor in his sensibility as an artist as to how he perceived the world and his working for social justice through the medium of theater. Falconer, Baliff, and Tom Carlin enriched Salt Lake City throughtheir art and we should acknowledge their lives as part of our Gay heritage. Ben Williams
May Swenson and R R Knutson |
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